Abstract: Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) is a class of intracellular proteins that inhibited cytokine signaling. We cloned the sequence of SOCS1 gene from yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, whose length was 561 bp. We constructed the recombinant expression plasmid pET32a (+)-SOCS1 carrying PfSOCS1 protein. The recombinant PfSOCS1 protein was optimally expressed by transformation into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and then highly purified under inclusion body conditions. The polyclonal anti-PfSOCS1 antibodies were prepared by immunizing Balb/C mouse with recombinant PfSOCS1 protein, which could be used to recognize recombinant PfSOCS1 protein by Western blotting. The protein expression of PfSOCS1 was detected in kidney, intestine, liver and ovary, with relatively predominant level in the liver in P. fulvidraco.