雌雄同体鱼类性别分化及性转变研究进展

A review of studies on sex differentiation and sex change in hermaphroditic fishes

  • 摘要: 在脊椎动物中,鱼类具有多样的性别分化方式,大致可分为雌雄异体、雌雄同体以及单性生殖3类。一般情况下,鱼类性别决定后,性腺可分化为卵巢或精巢,并且在整个生命周期内保持不变。而在雌雄同体鱼类,其性别可以从雌性转变为雄性、雄性转变为雌性或者在雌雄两种性别间进行多次转变。雌雄同体鱼类具有多种性别转变形式,是研究脊椎动物性别决定与分化的理想模型。因此,本文从性腺发育组织学变化、性激素分泌、神经内分泌、性别决定与分化基因的分子调控等方面,综述了近年来雌雄同体鱼类性别分化与性转变相关的研究进展,为更深入地研究鱼类性别调控机制提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Among vertebrates, fishes show an exceptional range of reproductive strategies, which can be roughly divided into three categories: gonochorism, sequential hermaphrodite and partheonogenesis. In general, gonads can differentiate into ovaries or testes after sex determination, and remain unchanged throughout the life cycle. In contrast, some hermaphroditic fishes can change their sex from male to female (protandrous), female to male (protogynous), or serially (bi-directional sex change) in their life cycle. Hermaphroditic fishes have various forms of sex change, which is an ideal model to investigate the sex determination and differentiation in vertebrates. Therefore, this paper reviews the recent research progress on the sex differentiation and determination of hermaphroditic fishes from the aspects of gonadal change, sex hormone secretion, neuroendocrine, sex differentiation and molecular regulation of determining genes, so as to provide a reference for further research on the sex regulation mechanism of the fish.

     

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