Abstract: In order to study the maximum static friction coefficient of artificial fish reefs with different structures under different factors (bottom plasmid diameter, water content, loading mass, opening ratio, opening shape and position), as well as the maximum static friction coefficient and the slope range that the reef can withstand under different influencing factors. This study used physical model experiments to determine the maximum static friction coefficient of 10 artificial fish reef models with different structures. The results showed that: ① the maximum static friction coefficient was significantly negatively correlated with the diameter of the bottom plasmid (R=-0.5708, P＜0.01). When the bottom material was silty clay, the maximum static friction coefficient first increased and then decreased with the increase of water content; ② As the loading mass of the reef increases, the maximum static friction coefficient generally shows a decreasing trend; ③ The maximum static friction coefficient of the reef is significantly correlated with the opening ratio of the reef itself, but not significantly negatively correlated with pressure (loading mass/bottom area) and opening position (R=-0.26); ④ Under the same conditions, when the loading mass is 2-3 times the weight of the reef itself, it can withstand the maximum slope. The conclusion of this study is that the characteristics of the reef body (opening ratio, opening shape) have a greater impact on the maximum static friction factor than external factors (particle size, water content, loading quality). Therefore, when selecting the site for artificial reef areas, comprehensive consideration should be given to factors such as reef openings and substrate conditions, while designing artificial reefs as scientifically and reasonably as possible. This study provides a reference for the scientific and rational design of artificial reefs and the safe and effective construction of artificial reefs from a mechanical perspective.