聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/淀粉复合单丝的人工海水降解性能

Artificial seawater degradation performance of poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate/starch composite monofilament

  • 摘要: 为解决丢失渔具造成的“幽灵捕捞”和“白色污染”问题,开发可降解渔具材料成为实现我国渔业可持续发展的有效途径之一。本研究采用熔融纺丝法制备聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)单丝与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)/淀粉复合单丝,对比分析不同人工海水降解环境下降解5个月的PBAT纤维和PBAT/淀粉复合单丝热力学、力学性能、降解失重率、红外光谱和微观结构变化,研究温度、pH对2种单丝的海水降解性能的影响。结果显示,淀粉的添加使得PBAT复合单丝熔融温度(Tm)移向低温,结晶熔融峰变宽;力学性能上,单丝的断裂强力有一定的下降,但结节强力保持率由63.86%提升到97.56%,2种单丝初始样品的红外光谱吸收峰出现的位置与纯PBAT及纯淀粉特征峰位置大体一致。添加淀粉后单丝的降解性能显著提升,平均失重率增量达4.92%,单丝表面的侵蚀加重,孔洞裂隙加深;从环境因素角度分析,单丝的降解速率随着降解环境中温度升高与pH的增加而加快。本实验系统研究了淀粉基PBAT复合单丝的海水降解性能,可为渔用降解新材料的开发与应用提供参考。

     

    Abstract: In order to solve the "ghost fishing" and "white pollution" caused by lost fishing gear, the development of degradable fishing gear materials has become one of the effective ways to achieve sustainable development of China's fishery. In this study, polyadipic acid/butylene terephthalate (PBAT) monofilament and polyadipic acid/butylene terephthalate (PBAT)/starch composite monofilament were prepared by melt spinning, and the thermodynamics, mechanical properties, weight loss rate, infrared spectrum and microstructure changes of PBAT fiber and PBAT/starch composite monofilament that were degraded for 5 months under different artificial seawater degradation environments were compared and analyzed, and the effects of temperature and pH on the seawater degradation performance of the two monofilaments were studied. The results showed that the inclusion of starch shifts the melting temperature (Tm) of the PBAT composite monofilament towards a lower temperature, and broadens the crystal melting peak. In terms of mechanical properties, the breaking strength of monofilament decreased to a certain extent, but the nodule strength retention rate increased from 63.86% to 97.56%, The infrared spectral absorption peaks of the two initial monofilament samples largely align with the characteristic peaks of pure PBAT and pure starch. Following the addition of starch, the monofilament's degradation performance significantly improved, with an average weight loss rate increase of 4.92%. The surface erosion of the monofilament intensified, and the holes and cracks deepened; Analyzing from an environmental perspective, the degradation rate of the monofilaments accelerates with rising temperature and increasing pH in the degradation environment. In this experiment, the seawater degradation performance of starch-based PBAT composite monofilaments was systematically studied, which can provide a reference for the development and application of new degradation materials for fisheries.

     

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