福建牡蛎二倍体和三倍体DNA甲基化分析

Analysis of DNA methylation in diploid and triploid of Crassostrea angulata

  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨福建牡蛎二倍体和三倍体不同组织中的基因组DNA的甲基化状态。
    方法 实验采用荧光标记的甲基化敏感扩增多态性(F-MSAP)技术,对福建牡蛎的4种组织(外套膜、鳃、性腺和闭壳肌)进行基因组DNA甲基化比较分析。
    结果 共检测到1 388到3 871个甲基化敏感位点,二倍体和三倍体群体的外套膜、鳃、性腺、闭壳肌4种组织的总甲基化水平分别为21.05%和21.73%、20.44%和18.65%、22.04%和22.55%、21.12%和33.56%,各组织之间有极显著的表观遗传差异。二倍体全甲基化水平为11.75%~12.84%,半甲基化水平为7.60%~9.82%,总甲基化水平为20.44%~22.04%。三倍体全甲基化水平为11.26%~30.28%,半甲基化水平为3.28%~10.47%,总甲基化水平为18.65%~33.56%。三倍体的总甲基化水平比二倍体升高了0.51%~12.44%,全甲基化为主要甲基化模式,二倍体和三倍体间的表观遗传差异极显著。
    结论 福建牡蛎的外套膜、鳃、性腺以及闭壳肌组织具有不同程度的甲基化水平。福建牡蛎三倍体发生了甲基化变化,这种变化可能影响了基因表达的方式。本研究可为福建牡蛎多倍体的表观遗传研究提供了参考资料。

     

    Abstract: DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism. It can induce changes in the biological phenotype by altering gene expression and the gene expression networks involved, thereby leading to the process of adaptive evolution. At present, epigenetic studies of polyploid genomes have been carried out in multiple aquatic animals, but epigenetic research on the polyploid genome of Crassostrea angulata has not been reported yet. In order to explore the methylation status of genomic DNA in different tissues of diploid and triploid C. angulata, the experiment used the fluorescence-labeled methylation sensitive amplified polymorphism (F-MSAP) technology to compare and analyze genomic DNA methylation in four tissues of C. angulata (mantle, gill, gonad, and adductor). The results showed that a total of 1 388 to 3 871 methylation sensitive sites were detected. The total methylation levels of the mantle, gill, gonad, and adductor muscle in diploid and triploid populations were 21.05% and 21.73%, 20.44% and 18.65%, 22.04% and 22.55%, and 21.12% and 33.56%, respectively. There were extremely significant epigenetic differences among the tissues. The full methylation levels of diploids ranged from 11.75% to 12.84%, while the hemimethylation levels ranged from 7.60% to 9.82%, and the total methylation levels ranged from 20.44% to 22.04%. The full methylation levels of triploids ranged from 11.26% to 30.28%, while the hemimethylation levels ranged from 3.28% to 10.47%, and the total methylation levels ranged from 18.65% to 33.56%. The total methylation level of triploids increased by 0.51%-12.44% compared with diploids. Full methylation was the predominant methylation mode, and the epigenetic differences between diploids and triploids were extremely significant. The research shows that the mantle, gill, gonad, and adductor muscle tissues of C. angulata have different degrees of methylation levels. Methylation changes have occurred in triploid C. angulata, and these changes may affect the way of gene expression. This study can provide reference materials for the epigenetic research of polyploid C. angulata.

     

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