Abstract: This paper presents the methods for exploring fish schooling behavior by means of mathematical modeling and computer simulation,to explore and find out the major factors which have speculated influence on the space distribution of individuals in fish school.Preliminary findings indicated that among the factors of visibility and swimming ability etc.,the visual ability of fish,including sighting distance and perspective is the factor having stronger influence on the school structure,which provides some revelations or indications to the fish behaviour experiments design and observation.The comparison between the simulation and video records of Hemigrammus bleheri shows that the model based on IBMs theory is feasible,and the simulation results are similar to the actual movement of fish school,which indicates that the visual simulation technology helps better exploration and understanding on fish group motion.