饲料中添加谷胱甘肽对吉富罗非鱼生长、组织生化指标和非特异性免疫相关酶的影响

Effects of dietary glutathione on growth performance,tissue biochemical indexes and non-specific immune related enzymes of GIFT Oreochromis niloticus

  • 摘要: 为研究饲料中添加谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)对吉富罗非鱼(GIFT)生长性能、组织生化指标和非特异性免疫相关酶活性的影响,实验选用720尾体质量为(3.27?0.04) g的罗非鱼,随机分为6组,分别投喂基础饲料(对照组)和5种添加80、160、240、320和400 mg/kg GSH的试验饲料,养殖期为7周。结果显示,与对照组相比,320 mg/kg组罗非鱼的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、蛋白质沉积率(PDR)和肝脏RNA/DNA比值分别显著升高,饲料系数显著降低;各添加组罗非鱼肝体比高于对照组,但差异不显著。160~320 mg/kg组罗非鱼粗蛋白和240~300 mg/kg组粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组,均在240 mg/kg组达到最高值。320 mg/kg组血清尿素氮(UN)含量与对照组相比显著降低。160~400 mg/kg组血清和肝脏类胰岛素生长因子Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)显著高于对照组和80 mg/kg组。240~400 mg/kg组血清溶菌酶(LZM)、320~400 mg/kg组肝脏LZM活性分别显著高于其它各组;与对照组相比,320 mg/kg组血清一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性显著升高;各添加组血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酚氧化酶(PO)、肝脏AKP、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和NOS活性均高于对照组,但差异不显著。结果表明,饲料中添加一定量的谷胱甘肽能显著提高吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的生长性能,提高全鱼粗蛋白与粗脂肪含量、血清和肝脏IGF-Ⅰ水平以及非特异性免疫相关酶活性。以增重率为评价指标,计算出吉富罗非鱼幼鱼饲料中谷胱甘肽的最适添加量为355.13 mg/kg。

     

    Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary glutathione(GSH)on growth performance,tissue biochemical indexes and non-specific immune related enzymes of GIFT Oreochromis niloticus.720 fish with initial weight of(3.27?0.04)g were randomly allocated into 6 groups.The fish in control group were fed the basal diet(G0),while those in the other five groups were fed the basal diet added with 80,160,240,320,400 mg/kg GSH.After 7 weeks’ feeding,weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR),protein efficiency ratio(PER)and RNA/DNA ratio of liver in 320 mg/kg group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and feed coefficient(FC)was significantly lower(P<0.05).Hepatosomatic index(HSI)was higher in GSH added groups than the control,showing no significant difference(P>0.05).Among all groups,no significant difference was found in condition factor(CF)(P>0.05).The whole-body crude protein content and crude lipid content were significantly affected by dietary GSH levels(P<0.05),while the ash and dry matter content showed no significant difference(P>0.05).Serum UN content was significantly lower in 320 mg/kg group compared with the control(P<0.05).The IGF-Ⅰlevel in G160-G400 mg/kg groups was significantly higher than the control and 80 mg/kg groups.The serum lysozyme(LZM)activities increased significantly in 240,320 and 400 mg/kg groups compared with the others(P<0.05),and liver LZM activities were significantly higher in 320 and 400 mg/kg groups(P<0.05).Dietary GSH increased serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP),phenoloxidase(PO)and liver AKP,acid phosphatase(ACP)activities,but no significant difference was shown(P>0.05).Serum nitric oxide synthase(NOS)activities in 320 mg/kg group were significantly higher than the control(P<0.05),but those in liver showed no significant difference(P>0.05).The result suggested that dietary GSH could significantly improve growth performance,raise whole-body crude protein and crude lipid content,increase serum and liver IGF-Ⅰ level,and enhance activities of non-specific immune related enzymes in GIFTOreochromis niloticus.The optimum level of dietary GSH was 355.13 mg/kg on the basis of WGR.

     

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