5种滤食性贝类对牙鲆的粪便、残饵及网箱养殖区沉降物的摄食行为

Feeding behavior of 5 species filter-feeding bivalves on Paralichthys olivaceus feed,fecal and sediment particulates in cage farming area

  • 摘要: 采用室内静水法,研究了虾夷扇贝、栉孔扇贝、长牡蛎、紫贻贝及菲律宾蛤仔对不同浓度、质量的牙鲆粪便、残饵、沉降物的摄食行为,从摄食生理角度,分析了基于滤食性贝类的鱼+贝IMTA养殖模式的可能性。研究结果显示,这5种贝类对鱼粪、残饵及网箱周围沉降物都可摄食,但是,不同贝类对食物可获得性的反应不同。菲律宾蛤仔、长牡蛎、栉孔扇贝的摄食率显著高于其它2种贝类;5种贝类的吸收率、吸收效率无显著性差异。不同饵料对贝类的摄食行为影响显著。吸收效率(AE)都随有机物含量的增加而增大;对有机物的吸收率(AR)与有机物浓度(POM)呈线性正相关关系。颗粒物TPM浓度达到26.24,21.64,27.00 mg/L时,长牡蛎、栉孔扇贝、虾夷扇贝会产生假粪来调节摄入的能量。在牙鲆+滤食性贝类的IMTA养殖模式中,菲律宾蛤仔、长牡蛎、栉孔扇贝是比较好的候选种。

     

    Abstract: 5 species bivalves’ feeding behavior on different food,including flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)faeces,residul feed and deposition was studied so as to discuss the potential IMTA based on filter-feeding bivalves.Results showed the 5 species bivalves could feed on fish faeces,residul feed and deposition.However,different species showed different feeding behaviors.Ingestion rates of oyster,clam and scallop were significantly higher than the other 2 species(two-way ANOVA,P<0.01),and absorption efficiency(AE)and absorption rate(AR)of the 5 species bivalves were not significantly different.Diet had significant influence on the feeding behavior.With particle organic matter(POM)increasing,AE increased.There were significantly linear relationship between AR and POM.TPM threshold for pseudo-feces production of oyster and scallop and was 26.24,21.64,27.00 mg/L,respectively,and the 5 species bivalves could regulate food intake by pseudo-feces production.The shellfish+fish IMTA mode,clam Ruditapes philippinarum,oyster Crassostrea gigas and scallop Chlamys farreri are relatively good candidate species.

     

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