黄鳍鲷幼鱼对几种不同糖源的利用(英文)

吴小易

黄鳍鲷幼鱼对几种不同糖源的利用(英文)

吴小易

Utilization of several different carbohydrate sources by juvenile yellowfin seabream (Sparus latus)

WU Xiaoyi

摘要

摘要: 研究用来评价黄鳍鲷幼鱼对饲料中葡萄糖、麦芽糖、糊精、玉米淀粉和预糊化玉米淀粉的利用。本试验饲料为6种等氮（粗蛋白：45％，干重）等脂（粗脂肪：9％，干重）的半纯化饲料，其中对照组糖源为纤维素。每种饲料设3个平行。试验鱼初始体重为3.57±0.13 g （平均值±均差）。试验鱼饲养在含18个水族箱的循环系统中。水温保持在27±1℃。试验周期为8周。本试验用来评价黄鳍鲷幼鱼对饲料中不同糖源利用的指标为生长指标、饲料效率、蛋白质效率和肝脏的6－磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶和葡萄糖－6－磷酸脱氢酶。试验结果表明，黄鳍鲷幼鱼体增重、特定生长率、肝体比、肠系膜脂肪体比、饲料效率、蛋白质效率、肝脂肪合成有关酶活性和全鱼、肌肉、肝脏组成均受到饲料中不同糖源的显著影响。预糊化玉米淀粉和麦芽糖组比其它糖源组显著具有更好的体增重和特定生长率，但与对照组没有显著性差异。黄鳍鲷幼鱼生长和体增重与饲料中糖源的复杂性没有相关性。饲喂预糊化淀粉和对照饲料鱼的饲料效率和蛋白质效率显著比其它组高。饲料中糖的添加增加了黄鳍鲷幼鱼的肝体比，但对照组肝体比与糊精组，玉米淀粉组没有显著性差异。预糊化玉米淀粉组肠系膜脂肪体比比其它饲料组要高。结论：基于体增重和特定生长率为指标，饲料中添加25％预糊化玉米淀粉和麦芽糖可以提高黄鳍鲷幼鱼的生长。另外，玉米淀粉预糊化显著提高了黄鳍鲷对玉米淀粉的利用。关键词：黄鳍鲷；幼鱼；糖；利用；生长

Abstract: Six isonitrogenous (crude protein: 45% of dry matter), isolipidic (crude lipid: 9% of dry matter) semi-purified diets including a cellulose control diet and five 25% glucose, maltose, dextrin, corn starch and pre-gelatinized corn starch diets were prepared. Each was fed to triplicate groups of juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus (initial body weight: 3.57±0.13 g means ± SD) reared in 18 fiberglass tanks connected as a closed recirculating system at 27±1℃ for 8 weeks. The growth indices, feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency rate (PER) and hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH, EC 1.1.1.49), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH, EC 1.1.1.44), malic enzyme (ME, EC 1.1.1.40) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH, EC 1.1.1.42) activities were measured to evaluate the ability of yellowfin seabream to utilize different carbohydrate sources in diets. Results showed that weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), hepatosomatic index (HSI), intraperitoneal fat (IPF) ratio, FE, PER, hepatic lipogenic enzymes activities and the compositions of whole body, muscle and liver of juvenile yellowfin seabream were significantly affected by different dietary carbohydrate sources. The pre-gelatinized corn starch and maltose groups, displayed significantly better WG and SGR than other carbohydrate sources groups (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with the control group (P>0.05). Growth and WG were not dependent on the complexity of dietary carbohydrate source. Fish fed the pre-gelatinized corn starch and control diets had significantly higher FE and PER than fed glucose, maltose, dextrin and corn starch diets (P<0.05). HSI was improved by the digestible carbohydrate inclusion. The IPF ratio in the pre-gelatinized corn starch group was higher than all other diet groups. In conclusion, pre-gelatinization of corn starch and maltose at a 25% inclusion level fed to fish significantly improved the growth of juvenile yellowfin seabream. In addition, pre-gelatinization of corn starch significantly improved corn starch utilization in yellowfin seabream. Key words: Sparus latus; juvenile; carbohydrates; utilization; growth

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